Tube cooling device



1935. 7| E. MOUROMTSEFNF ET AL 2,011,647

TUBE COOLING DEVICE Filed July 30, 1932 INVENTORS. [Zz'aE Mauromtseff fidff l l/ Noble.

AT RNEY WITNE SE5 Q W W- Patented Aug. 2Q, 1935 r s orrlca f'rnnn COOLING nnvron Application July 30,

4 Claims.

[and a circulating system for it would addincom veniently to the weight to be carried and the space to be occupied.

Also, on board ship, it is supply fresh water for cooling the tube and sea water, because it deposits a scale, cannot be used. 'I-Ieretofore. cooling theanode by means of a blast of air has been inefficient because no way was known to bring a sufiicient volume of air into intimate contact with the limited surface of the ano,de."

It ,is not feasible to .fiIiS oro-therdevices forincreasing the effective surface ofthe anode, integral with it because of the difficultyand ex pense of rnachining a copper body of such a shape, of sealing glass thereto and of supporting and he in i during he -e s n treat ment.

Mo eove a a o f the 211 p ay-ba mad y draw n whi his m ch m r nvcn t and inexpensive than machining. K W V provision f a supplem n mem e to provide theincreased surface has eretofor been considered impracticalbecause no good thermal junction between the added member and the copper anode cou d be provided. Also, it has been found in. attempts to provide fins bymeans of .a member attached to the tube that the anode became distorted by expanding into the spaces between the finswith' a resultant shortened life of thetube. r

It is an object of our invention to provide for cooling transmitting tubes by an air blast- It is a further object of our invention to provide a-device for enlarging the effective cooling surfa'ce'of the anode and afford good thermal connection-be-tween such added device and the anode.

.It isafurther object of our invention to pros vide a devicenwhich will present a large surface to a current of air orother cooling agent which shall 'be in such intimate contact with the anode that theheat shall e effectively "led from the anode to said large surface. a

. It i a fur h r obj o ou invention r vide gmqliary cgpli ng means for cooling the anode often inconvenient to v 1932, Serial No. 626,342

close to the seal, whereby thermal strains at the seal are prevented.

It is afurther object of our invention to provide a cooling device which is capable of being at-, tached to and cooperating with a tube of the standard type'usually used with water cooling.

Other objects of our invention and details of the construction will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawing in Which; Figure lis an elevation, partly in section, showing the vacuum tube and the cooling device. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line II-II of Fig. 1; and, v Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken the line IIIIIIof Fig. l.

, The vacuum tube shown in Fig. 1 includes a glass part i, and a copper part 2 united by a seal 3.. The copper portion is mainly cylindrical but maybe provided with a flared portion, as shown at t, at the end which is sealed to theglass. V I

The cooling device comprises a body 5 of aluminum, the central portion of which is a hollow cylinder having aninternal diameter adapted to fit around the copper cylinder 2. Projecting radially from the hollow cylinder are a pluralitybf fins 6. These finsextend longitudinally of the cylinder throughout substantially the whole length thereof althoughat the upper end they-are beveled, as indicated at I; The inner part of theextremetop of the fins is beveled in the Opposite direction, as shown'at 8; to provide a conical seat against which the lower margin of theconical surface of a shield Qrests. The lower edge of this shield is turned inward to form a flange IE) which rests against the along upper end surfaceof the central cylindrical portion 5 of the aluminum sleeve. i

g A slit l l extends radially through the central portion 5 of the sleeve and merges with the space between two fins. The whole of the aluminum body is thus split throughout its radial thickness and the split extends the entire length of the sleeve. If desired, several such slits may be made, thu dividing the aluminum body into two or more seetor-like parts. Ahousing l3 surrounds the aluminum sleeve and-extends to the lower edge of the bevel portion 1 of the fins. This housing is slit'throughout its length, asindicate'd at It. At the other end, the housing extends beyond the bottom surface of the aluminum sleeve affording tongues on .whichthe 16 are located. The

I funnel and the housing, are thus fastened together making a flexible joint.

Aplurality'of bands 20 surround thehousin and are each: provided with out-turned ends 2i 'throughwhich bolts 22 extend for tightening the bands.

The funnel extends to any source of air under pressure, indicated by the .arrow at the end of the pipe. For

best flow of air the angle between the surface of "the funnel l8 and its axisshould-be betweent;

degrees and Y14 degrees.

Abranch pipe 24 conducts air around the hous a ing to a circular pipe which surrounds the an ode 2 a short distance below theseal 3, :being.

supported from shield'9 by brackets 28'. The surface of the pipe 25 which is"toward. the copper is perforated, as indicated at 26 in Fig. Bto' direct air against the anode 2a short distance below I the seal g a H.

;The,fiange W at theloweredge of theshield 9 I cooperates withaflan ge zl on the anode'to secure the shield in place. The fiang'e 21 isfound on standard tubesintended for 'use with a water jacket and no1redesi'gn oithe tube'isreduired 3 to adapt it to cooling'by" air by. means of this Inthe Operetta the device-the split aminum sleeve. 5 is placed around the anode. The housing I3 is thenplaced over. the sleeve and. the J clamping rings 20. are1placed overthe housing.

' Thebolts'22 are then tightene d and .drawthe rings and sleeve into; close' lcontact with each other and withthe anode 2. Becausethehousing ;clamping action bflthe rin'gs20.

This yielding is by a fiexure of thehousing and sleeve in apla'ne at right 'angle'sto the'axia but the reinforcing-,actionfof thefins' 6, Which are iritegral with thecentral portion 15, thecylindrical form o i the centralpart .of the sleeve and the stiffness of the housing tbecauseof its curvature;

i render the assembly very rigid against any tendencyto bend in any plane through the axis. If,

therefore, onering 20 is.ti ghtened' 1nore than the others, the result is n-otlajlocal excessive pressure i. xtortedk If such distortion results irregular a N j contact between the'anodeand the L'ja ck'et, the

I steam to permit' it'toi jaccommodate itself. to

theyanode, a sleeve; split into 'several sectordike of; the. sleeve 5 against the; anode tube but this excess of pressure is distributed'lengthwise of the sleeve throughout considerableafea.

- It frequently happens" that the heat-treatment of,; thetube leaves the thin-walled .anodeijdiscopper is likely ito bec ome perforated wherethe contact is poor, thus shortening the lifexof the 7 tube. Compression of the aluminum sleeve, by the clamping r-ingstends to force it against the anode andthe anode into true cylindrical form.' This results in an improved characteristicof the tube. a I It-a1so ensures more uniform contact between 7 jacket and tube, thus tending to increase theilife sin ases where the anode is rnisshaped th a -single split in Jthealuminum sleeve. is inparts may be employed; It may evenbe possible,

in; some casesto force such an anode into sub- -.sta I 1tia1ly complete contact with thesleeve, there by making the cooling of such atubebyair practicable and also prolongingth'e lifeof what would otherwise beaveryshort -livedtuben Even in the absence or any seriousdistortiomjackets made in 75 several sections are convenient with anodes of la is connected to .a pipers which the glass l orthe seal 3.

. nd sleeve are split; they/yield readily tc the e other situations where weight large diameter; partly because of the smaller 'expense of manufacture.

When the sleeve has been assembled on the a anode as described, the funnelis connected to the lower end of the sleeve and thepipes 24 and 25 are put in place. The pipe23 from the funnel is connected to a fan case or. t-o;an;air,.intake operated: bythe *moveme'nt of' thefaijrplane or to any" other source-of supply of air er of'other icoolinggas under pressure. Air, therefore, enters'the funnel I8 from said source and passes upthrough the channels in the j aluminum sleeve. These channels are each formed: by the space between two adjacent fins and between the central cylindrical portion 5 and e the housing. l3. Intimate contact between-the moving airand a large surface of the aluminum "sleeve is thus provided.

'Heat from the anode flows into the central cylindrical portion of the sleeve 5 and into-the several finsbyiconduction. From the fins and the exterior surface'offthe central portion, the heat delivered to the air which, being in motion, carries it away and is, therefore, hot when it emerges at'the beveled part? of the fins. The shield 9 is'provided in order to prevent this hot air from contacting with theglass part of the tube or with the seal where the copper andglass meet; This airasit emerges from the channels is deflected by the shield'ffi and passes into the surrounding atmosphere without coming against Additional air from thel same source passes through the pipe 24 into the pipe 25 and emerges through the perforations 26, impinging against the copper a short" distance below'the seal 3. Th air whichhas not beenheated is caused to impinge directly against'the copper a short dis tance from theseal. .If the coolingaction of the 'airiin the channelswere insumcient to prevent heat flowing by conduction upward in. the walls ofthe anode 2 reaching-theseal,the effect of the air directly impinging upon the copper near the seal will prevent suffici'ent'heating of the cop per at the'seal to cause damage; j l The cooling material may v'ery well be some other gas, such as hydrogem'instead of air, in

which case-the emerging gaslin'stead of being 'literated into theatmosphere will ordinarily be 7 returned to the pump or other source of pressure through some device presenting sufficient radia- .tion surface to' insure complete cooling of the circulating gas. r 1 a :,The cooling devicev ay be supported by bracketsattached to any of-the clamping'rings 20 and the clamping rings .may be loosely secured to the cooling device in any desirablefashionto prethe clamping bolts 22. are loosened.

While aluminum has been mentioned as the preferred material for the: cylindrical sleeve 5 any suitable materialeof'good thermal conductivityqrnay be used.1 Brass is particularly serviceable. Also it is possible to increase the thermal conductivityv of thejjoint between the anode and the jacket by suitable platingn For examrp the anode th iia t or b thjma be pla fvent inconvenientseparation of the parts when e and bulk are im 1 ing means each surrounding said housing at sep- 15 the spirit of this invention, which is limited only by the priorart and indicated in the accompanying claims.

cooperating with them to provide a plurality of channels extending longitudinally of said sleeve,

said housing being split, and a plurality of clamparated points thereof, whereby the housing may be radially compressed to cause intimate contact between the sleeve and the anode.

2. In combination, a vacuum tube including a cylindrical coppi r part, a cylindrical split aluminum sleeve surrounding said copper part,

fins projecting from said sleeve, extending longitudinally thereof and integral therewith, a housing surrounding said sleeve contacting the outer edges of said fins and cooperating with them to provide a plurality of channels extending l0ngitudinally of said sleeve, said housing being split,

a plurality of clamping means each surrounding glass part, a cylindrical copper part and a seal therebetween, a cylindrical split aluminum sleeve surrounding said copper part, fins projecting from said sleeve, extending longitudinally thereof and integral therewith, a housing surrounding said sleeve contacting the outer edge of said fins and cooperating with them to provide a plurality of channels extending longitudinally of said sleeve, said housing being split, a plurality of clamping means each surrounding said housing located at separated points thereof, whereby the housing may be radially compressed to cause intimate contact between the sleeve and the copper part, and

means for directing a separate current of aeriform cooling material against the copper part near said seal.

l. In combination, a vacuum tube, the wall of which includes a cylindrical copper portion, a cooling device external to said. tube surrounding and extending along said copper portion, said cooling devicehaving structure yieldable in any plane no-rmal'to the axis of said cylindrical portion and rigid in any longitudinal plane, means for applying clamping pressure at points distrib uted along the length of said cooling device to bring it into good thermal contact with the copper by yielding in said normal planes, the rigidity of said device in longitudinal planes tending to l constrain the copper into a true cylindrical form;

ILIA E. MOUROMTSEFF. HARRELL V. NOBLE. 

